NIST High Temp. Superconducting Materials (HTS) Database

NIST High Temp. Superconducting Materials (HTS) Database:

NIST Standard Reference Database 62

Last Update to Data Content: 1996

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18434/T4KP8J

Bibliographic Information

Title: Superconducting Fluctuations in Bi₂Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O_x
Author(s): W. Schnelle, E. Braun, H. Broicher, H. Weisds, H. Geus, S. Ruppel, M. Galffy, W. Braunisch, A. Waldorf, et al.
Publication: Physica C Volume: 161 Issue: Not Available Year: 1989 Page(s): 123-135
Editor(s): Not Available
Publisher: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.
Language: English
Notes: et al. = F. Seidler and D. Wohlleben
Keywords: Material Specification, Crystallography, Hall Coefficient, Magnetic Susceptibility, Specific Heat, Thermal Expansion

Materials and Properties

Bi:2223; [Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O]

Material Specification for Bi:2223; [Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O] Process: Solid State Reaction
Notes: "A starting molar mixture of 0.857 Bi₂O₃, 0.428 PbO, 1.714 SrCO₃ and 2.142 CaCO₃ and 3 CuO was chosen... This starting mixture was thoroughly ground in an agate mortar and then in an agate ball mill. The powder was pressed lightly and was prereacted at 800 °C in air in an alumina crucible for four days... The material was then ground again in a ball mill, and the resulting powder was pressed into a pellet with cylindrical shape (1.3 cm diameter, 1 mm high) at 10⁹Pa. This pellet was again heated in air, to 875 °C (2 °C below the melting point, as determined by differential thermal analysis), where it was held within ±1 °C for 280 h. It was then cooled to 450 °C at a rate of 3 °C/min, held at this temperature for 80 h and then oven cooled to room temperature."
Formula: Bi₂Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O_x
Informal Name: Bi:2223
Chemical Family: Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O
Chemical Class: Oxide
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Manufacturer: In House
Commercial Name: In House
Production Date:
Lot Number:
Production Form:

Crystallography for Bi:2223; [Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O]

Crystal System:	Tetragonal
Formula Units per Cell:
Space Group:	I4/mmm

**Cell Parameters**
Temp K	a Å	b Å	c Å
296	3.822	--	37.04

Measurement Method: X-ray diffraction
"X-ray analysis with the wavelength=1.514 σ CuK radiation gave the I4/mmm structure of the 2223 phase... By comparison of the {105} line of the 2223 phase (T_c=107K) with the {105} line of the 2212 phase (T_c=80K) the amount of the latter was found to be 6-7%. The pellet also contained 7% Ca₂PbO₄ and <5% cuo..."

Cautions: Evaluated Data

Hall Coefficient for Bi:2223; [Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O]

Temperature (K)	Hall Coefficient (mm³ /C)
101	9.6
133	7.3
171	5.9
220	4.8
280	4.0
293	3.8

Measurement Method: Hall measurement
"The Hall effect was measured... in magnetic fields... in a lock-in mode with a five probe configuration. The sample was cut to a 4.2x2.50x0.4 mm³ parallelepiped. The contacts were made with silver epoxy adhesive and annealed at about 400 °C. They had resistances of less than 1 Ω for contact surfaces less than 0.05 mm². The current contacts were applied on two opposite faces of the sample, filling the whole contacted face to assure uniform current flow. Excitation currents were 5 mA and 10 mA, with a frequency of 325 Hz. Hall voltages were up to 0.7 µV. The magnetic field was applied perpendicular to the sample surface with the voltage contacts. It was varied between -5 T and 5 T with a rate of 1 T/min. The temperature was constant within 0.1 K during the sweeping of the field. The absolute temperature is known within ±0.5 K in this measurement."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Digitized data were obtained from Figure 9 of the paper.

Magnetic Susceptibility for Bi:2223; [Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O]

Magnetic Field ()	Temperature (K)	Magnetic Susceptibility (arbitrary)
0.2	61	-0.051
0.2	70	-0.051
0.2	80	-0.051
0.2	91	-0.052
0.2	100	-0.055
0.2	105	-0.035
0.2	105	-0.018
0.2	107	0.000
0.2	120	0.000
0.7	60	-0.023
0.7	70	-0.023
0.7	80	-0.022
0.7	90	-0.022
0.7	100	-0.020
0.7	105	-0.015
0.7	106	0.000
0.7	120	0.000
1.3	60	-0.017
1.3	70	-0.017
1.3	80	-0.018
1.3	89	-0.017
1.3	100	-0.015
1.3	106	-0.010
1.3	107	0.000
1.3	120	0.000
2.5	61	-0.014
2.5	71	-0.014
2.5	79	-0.013
2.5	90	-0.014
2.5	99	-0.012
2.5	106	0.000
2.5	120	0.000
4.8	60	-0.011
4.8	70	-0.011
4.8	79	-0.011
4.8	90	-0.011
4.8	99	-0.008
4.8	107	0.000
4.8	120	0.000
10.0	61	-0.008
10.0	71	-0.008
10.0	79	-0.008
10.0	89	-0.007
10.0	100	-0.004
10.0	107	0.000
10.0	120	0.000

Measurement Method: Dc susceptibility
"The Meissner effect was measured in a Foner magnetometer in fixed fields... The sample was cooled in the field through the transition temperature to 4.2 K. The magnetisation was then recorded while warming up slowly, at a rate of about 0.5 K/min. The absolute temperature is known with ±0.2 K in this measurement."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Digitized data were obtained from Figure 4 of the paper.

Specific Heat for Bi:2223; [Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O]

Temperature (K)	Specific Heat (J kg^-1 K^-1)
72	145
81	167
90	186
100	207
107	220
114	232
128	251
133	258
140	267

Measurement Method: Quasiadiabatic calorimeter
The authors cite F. Seidler, Physica C, Vol. 157, 375 (1989), and summarize the procedure as follows. "The specific heat was measured in a quasiadiabatic calorimeter... using a continuous heating method. The resolution was increased... by acquisition of higher resolution electronic equipment and is now better than ΔC/C < 10^-3 at 110 K. The data were taken at heating rates between 20 and 9 mK/s (12 mK/s at T_c). The absolute temperature is known within ±0.1 K in this measurement."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Digitized data were obtained from Figure 6 of the paper.

Thermal Expansion for Bi:2223; [Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O]

Heating Condition ()	Temperature (K)	Thermal Expansion (10^-6 K^-1)
Heating	94	4.58
Heating	95	4.62
Heating	96	4.69
Heating	98	4.83
Heating	100	4.92
Heating	102	5.02
Heating	104	5.07
Heating	107	5.30
Heating	115	5.51
Heating	119	5.68
Heating	118	5.64
Heating	120	5.70
Heating	121	5.75
Heating	123	5.84
Heating	124	5.86
Heating	124	5.89
Heating	124	5.91
Heating	125	5.96
Cooling	101	4.96
Cooling	102	4.99
Cooling	104	5.09
Cooling	105	5.16
Cooling	106	5.24
Cooling	109	5.36
Cooling	108	5.30
Cooling	110	5.38
Cooling	110	5.33
Cooling	111	5.38
Cooling	112	5.45
Cooling	113	5.49
Cooling	115	5.57
Cooling	117	5.62
Cooling	118	5.69
Cooling	119	5.72
Cooling	121	5.77
Cooling	126	5.97
Cooling	128	6.03

Measurement Method: Capacitance dilatometer
The authors cite R. Schefzyk et al., J. Phys. E, Vol. 16, 444 (1983), and summarize the procedure as follows. "The thermal expansion measurements were performed by a three terminal capacitance dilatometer... the expansion coefficient... is... evaluated directly from the ΔL and ΔT data... running at extremely small cooling or heating rates (0.1 mK/s). The relative accuracy in the 100 K range is Δα = 5x10^-8. The absolute temperature is known to within ±0.2 K in this measurement. The... data... were taken while heating from 80 K to 140 K, and then again while cooling from 140 K to 80 K... there was no noticeable hysteresis."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Digitized data were obtained from Figure 7 of the paper.