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NIST High Temp. Superconducting Materials (HTS) Database:

NIST Standard Reference Database 62

Last Update to Data Content: 1996

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18434/T4KP8J

Bibliographic Information

Title: Structural and Physical Properties of Rare-Earth- (R-) Substituted RBa2Cu4O8-d Superconductors
Author(s): M. Kakihana, M. Yoshimura, H. Mazaki, H. Yasuoka, S. Nishio, Y. Suzuki, L. Borjesson, and M. Kall
Publication: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Volume: 193 Issue: Not Available Year: 1993 Page(s): 132-134
Editor(s): Not Available
Publisher: Elsevier Sequoia
Language: English
Notes: Not Available
Keywords: Material Specification, Crystallography, Critical Temperature, Magnetic Susceptibility

Materials and Properties

Y:124; [Y-Ba-Cu-O]
Ho:124; [Ho-Ba-Cu-O]
Dy:124; [Dy-Ba-Cu-O]
Material Specification for Y:124; [Y-Ba-Cu-O] Process: Solid State Reaction
Notes: "The initial step of the sample preparation process involves dissolution of the required amount of R(NO3)3•nH2O,Ba(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2•nH2O in H2O followed by addition of citric acid in the ratio of 3.1 g to 1 g Ba(NO3)2; 200 mL of ethylene glycol were then added to each 150 mmol of cations. The solution was condensed until a white-blue colloid was formed. Prolonged heating at around 140 °C evaporates the excess water and ethylene glycol from the solution, which promotes polymerization via a dehydration (or esterification) process among the hydroxyl groups of ethylene glycol and the carboxylic acid groups of citric acid. The polymeric product thus obtained was subsequently decomposed to a fine powder by heating on a hot plate at about 350 °C. The final powder was first calcined at 600 °C for 1 h and subsequently at 790 °C for 24 h under (0.1 MPa = 1 atm) oxygen pressure. The resultant black product was then crushed, pressed into pellets and sintered at 810 °C in flowing oxygen at ambient pressure for a long duration (more than 1 week), during which time the specimen was removed from the furnace several times and ground for homogenization, re-pelletized and kept for further sintering. After the product had been confirmed to be a single-phase R-124 material by X-ray diffraction analysis, the specimen was additionally treated in high pressure oxygen P(O2) = (37.0 MPa = 365 atm) for 5 h at 1050 °C for Y-124 and for 6 h at 950 °C for Ho-124 and Dy-124."
Formula: YBa2Cu4O8-x
Informal Name: Y:124
Chemical Family: Y-Ba-Cu-O
Chemical Class: Oxide
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Manufacturer: In House
Commercial Name: In House
Production Date:
Lot Number:
Production Form:

Crystallography for Y:124; [Y-Ba-Cu-O]
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Formula Units per Cell:
Space Group: Ammm
Cell Parameters
Temp K a Å b Å c Å
296 3.8387 3.8709 27.241
Measurement Method: X-ray diffraction
"X-ray powder diffraction patterns (using CuKα radiation were obtained.)" No additional measurement details were noted.

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Critical Temperature for Y:124; [Y-Ba-Cu-O]
ΔTc (10%-90%) (K) Critical Temperature (K)
2.4 81.3
Measurement Method: Ac susceptibility
The authors cite T. Ishida et al., Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 20, 131 (1979), and summarize the procedure as follows. "The superconducting transition was measured in terms of the complex magnetic susceptibility... using a Hartshorn bridge and a temperature control system... in an a.c. magnetic field... as a function of temperature... To avoid any temperature gradient in the sample, the temperature was changed quite slowly, typically at less than 0.2 K min-1. It should be stressed here that in the meaurement (of the susceptibility) the onset temperature can be determined very precisely, since it corresponds to the off-balance temperature in the carefully zero-balanced bridge... The values of Tc(onset)... and the corresponding transition widths (10%-90%) (were determined)."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Magnetic Susceptibility for Y:124; [Y-Ba-Cu-O]
Temperature (K) Magnetic Susceptibility (arbitrary)
19.5 -0.010
39.2 -0.010
58.9 -0.010
69.2 -0.010
75.0 -0.010
79.4 -0.009
80.2 -0.005
80.3 -0.002
81.3 0.000
90.0 0.000
Measurement Method: Ac susceptibility
The authors cite T. Ishida et al., Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 20, 131 (1979), and summarize the procedure as follows. "The superconducting transition was measured in terms of the complex magnetic susceptibility... using a Hartshorn bridge and a temperature control system... in an a.c. magnetic field... as a function of temperature... To avoid any temperature gradient in the sample, the temperature was changed quite slowly, typically at less than 0.2 K min-1. It should be stressed here that in the meaurement (of the susceptibility) the onset temperature can be determined very precisely, since it corresponds to the off-balance temperature in the carefully zero-balanced bridge... The values of Tc(onset)... and the corresponding transition widths (10%-90%) (were determined)."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Digitized data were obtained from 2a of the paper.
Material Specification for Ho:124; [Ho-Ba-Cu-O] Process: Solid State Reaction
Notes: "The initial step of the sample preparation process involves dissolution of the required amount of R(NO3)3•nH2O,Ba(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2•nH2O in H2O followed by addition of citric acid in the ratio of 3.1 g to 1 g Ba(NO3)2; 200 mL of ethylene glycol were then added to each 150 mmol of cations. The solution was condensed until a white-blue colloid was formed. Prolonged heating at around 140 °C evaporates the excess water and ethylene glycol from the solution, which promotes polymerization via a dehydration (or esterification) process among the hydroxyl groups of ethylene glycol and the carboxylic acid groups of citric acid. The polymeric product thus obtained was subsequently decomposed to a fine powder by heating on a hot plate at about 350 °C. The final powder was first calcined at 600 °C for 1 h and subsequently at 790 °C for 24 h under (0.1 MPa = 1 atm) oxygen pressure. The resultant black product was then crushed, pressed into pellets and sintered at 810 °C in flowing oxygen at ambient pressure for a long duration (more than 1 week), during which time the specimen was removed from the furnace several times and ground for homogenization, re-pelletized and kept for further sintering. After the product had been confirmed to be a single-phase R-124 material by X-ray diffraction analysis, the specimen was additionally treated in high pressure oxygen P(O2) = (37.0 MPa = 365 atm) for 5 h at 1050 °C for Y-124 and for 6 h at 950 °C for Ho-124 and Dy-124."
Formula: HoBa2Cu4O8-x
Informal Name: Ho:124
Chemical Family: Ho-Ba-Cu-O
Chemical Class: Oxide
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Manufacturer: In House
Commercial Name: In House
Production Date:
Lot Number:
Production Form:

Crystallography for Ho:124; [Ho-Ba-Cu-O]
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Formula Units per Cell:
Space Group: Ammm
Cell Parameters
Temp K a Å b Å c Å
296 3.8469 3.8705 27.234
Measurement Method: X-ray diffraction
"X-ray powder diffraction patterns (using CuKα radiation were obtained.)" No additional measurement details were noted.

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Critical Temperature for Ho:124; [Ho-Ba-Cu-O]
ΔTc (10%-90%) (K) Critical Temperature (K)
3 80.7
Measurement Method: Ac susceptibility
The authors cite T. Ishida et al., Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 20, 131 (1979), and summarize the procedure as follows. "The superconducting transition was measured in terms of the complex magnetic susceptibility... using a Hartshorn bridge and a temperature control system... in an a.c. magnetic field... as a function of temperature... To avoid any temperature gradient in the sample, the temperature was changed quite slowly, typically at less than 0.2 K min-1. It should be stressed here that in the meaurement (of the susceptibility) the onset temperature can be determined very precisely, since it corresponds to the off-balance temperature in the carefully zero-balanced bridge... The values of Tc(onset)... and the corresponding transition widths (10%-90%) (were determined)."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Magnetic Susceptibility for Ho:124; [Ho-Ba-Cu-O]
Temperature (K) Magnetic Susceptibility (arbitrary)
19.4 -0.018
39.3 -0.018
59.8 -0.018
69.4 -0.017
73.2 -0.014
74.8 -0.008
76.5 -0.001
80.7 0.000
90.0 0.000
Measurement Method: Ac susceptibility
The authors cite T. Ishida et al., Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 20, 131 (1979), and summarize the procedure as follows. "The superconducting transition was measured in terms of the complex magnetic susceptibility... using a Hartshorn bridge and a temperature control system... in an a.c. magnetic field... as a function of temperature... To avoid any temperature gradient in the sample, the temperature was changed quite slowly, typically at less than 0.2 K min-1. It should be stressed here that in the meaurement (of the susceptibility) the onset temperature can be determined very precisely, since it corresponds to the off-balance temperature in the carefully zero-balanced bridge... The values of Tc(onset)... and the corresponding transition widths (10%-90%) (were determined)."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Digitized data were obtained from Figure 2b of the paper.
Material Specification for Dy:124; [Dy-Ba-Cu-O] Process: Solid State Reaction
Notes: "The initial step of the sample preparation process involves dissolution of the required amount of R(NO3)3•nH2O,Ba(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2•nH2O in H2O followed by addition of citric acid in the ratio of 3.1 g to 1 g Ba(NO3)2; 200 mL of ethylene glycol were then added to each 150 mmol of cations. The solution was condensed until a white-blue colloid was formed. Prolonged heating at around 140 °C evaporates the excess water and ethylene glycol from the solution, which promotes polymerization via a dehydration (or esterification) process among the hydroxyl groups of ethylene glycol and the carboxylic acid groups of citric acid. The polymeric product thus obtained was subsequently decomposed to a fine powder by heating on a hot plate at about 350 °C. The final powder was first calcined at 600 °C for 1 h and subsequently at 790 °C for 24 h under (0.1 MPa = 1 atm) oxygen pressure. The resultant black product was then crushed, pressed into pellets and sintered at 810 °C in flowing oxygen at ambient pressure for a long duration (more than 1 week), during which time the specimen was removed from the furnace several times and ground for homogenization, re-pelletized and kept for further sintering. After the product had been confirmed to be a single-phase R-124 material by X-ray diffraction analysis, the specimen was additionally treated in high pressure oxygen P(O2) = (37.0 MPa = 365 atm) for 5 h at 1050 °C for Y-124 and for 6 h at 950 °C for Ho-124 and Dy-124."
Formula: DyBa2Cu4O8-x
Informal Name: Dy:124
Chemical Family: Dy-Ba-Cu-O
Chemical Class: Oxide
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Manufacturer: In House
Commercial Name: In House
Production Date:
Lot Number:
Production Form:

Crystallography for Dy:124; [Dy-Ba-Cu-O]
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Formula Units per Cell:
Space Group: Ammm
Cell Parameters
Temp K a Å b Å c Å
296 3.8539 3.8715 27.243
Measurement Method: X-ray diffraction
"X-ray powder diffraction patterns (using CuKα radiation were obtained.)" No additional measurement details were noted.

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Critical Temperature for Dy:124; [Dy-Ba-Cu-O]
ΔTc (10%-90%) (K) Critical Temperature (K)
4.2 77.2
Measurement Method: Ac susceptibility
The authors cite T. Ishida et al., Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 20, 131 (1979), and summarize the procedure as follows. "The superconducting transition was measured in terms of the complex magnetic susceptibility... using a Hartshorn bridge and a temperature control system... in an a.c. magnetic field... as a function of temperature... To avoid any temperature gradient in the sample, the temperature was changed quite slowly, typically at less than 0.2 K min-1. It should be stressed here that in the meaurement (of the susceptibility) the onset temperature can be determined very precisely, since it corresponds to the off-balance temperature in the carefully zero-balanced bridge... The values of Tc(onset)... and the corresponding transition widths (10%-90%) (were determined)."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Magnetic Susceptibility for Dy:124; [Dy-Ba-Cu-O]
Temperature (K) Magnetic Susceptibility (arbitrary)
19.8 -0.025
39.8 -0.025
49.4 -0.024
59.8 -0.024
64.3 -0.022
67.3 -0.020
68.1 -0.012
69.6 -0.006
71.1 -0.0005
77.2 0.000
90.0 0.000
Measurement Method: Ac susceptibility
The authors cite T. Ishida et al., Phys. Rev. B, Vol. 20, 131 (1979), and summarize the procedure as follows. "The superconducting transition was measured in terms of the complex magnetic susceptibility... using a Hartshorn bridge and a temperature control system... in an a.c. magnetic field... as a function of temperature... To avoid any temperature gradient in the sample, the temperature was changed quite slowly, typically at less than 0.2 K min-1. It should be stressed here that in the meaurement (of the susceptibility) the onset temperature can be determined very precisely, since it corresponds to the off-balance temperature in the carefully zero-balanced bridge... The values of Tc(onset)... and the corresponding transition widths (10%-90%) (were determined)."

Cautions: Evaluated Data
Digitized data were obtained from Figure 2c of the paper.