Material Specification for Bi:2223; [Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O]
Process: Sintering
Notes: The authors cite R. Wailo et al., J. Mater. Res., Vol. 10, 568-577 (1995), and summarize the procedure as follows. "The (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox grains in the specimen were aligned using a high magnetic field (6T) at room temperature and the specimen densified before sintering using cold iso-static pressing. An examination of a polished cross-section of the specimen using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the grains were highly textured, with the crystallographic c-axis of the grains orienting parallel to the direction of the applied magnetic field (the texturing direction) during magnetic alignment."
Formula: Bi2-xPbxSr2Ca2Cu3Oy
Informal Name: Bi:2223
Chemical Family: Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O
Chemical Class: Oxide
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Manufacturer: In House
Commercial Name: In House
Production Date:
Lot Number:
Production Form:
Hardness for Bi:2223; [Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O]
| Angle(c, diagonal) (degrees) |
Hardness (GPa) |
| 4.2 |
0.45 |
| 4.2 |
0.46 |
| 9.5 |
0.44 |
| 10.0 |
0.50 |
| 14.1 |
0.42 |
| 14.1 |
0.40 |
| 20.0 |
0.39 |
| 29.9 |
0.34 |
| 29.8 |
0.39 |
| 35.0 |
0.40 |
| 34.4 |
0.38 |
| 39.6 |
0.37 |
| 44.8 |
0.39 |
| 50.0 |
0.42 |
| 55.2 |
0.40 |
| 55.2 |
0.39 |
| 60.4 |
0.43 |
| 70.2 |
0.43 |
| 75.5 |
0.40 |
| 75.3 |
0.47 |
| 79.9 |
0.45 |
| 80.6 |
0.45 |
| 85.8 |
0.45 |
| 85.8 |
0.44 |
Measurement Method: Vickers indentation
"Vickers indentation measurements were carried out on a polished cross-section of the specimen. The polished cross-section also contained the preferred direction of texturing... which in turn is perpendicular to the free surface. A change of relative orientation of the diagonals of the indent, (θ), with respect to the texturing direction was implemented by rotating the specimen stage. ... A constant load of 1.5 N was used for all the indentations. ... The lengths of the diagonals as well as two different sides of the indents... were measured from each scanning electron micrograph. ... The Vickers hardness is calculated from the equation,
H
= 1.85 x 106P/(BD)2 [MPa]
where P is the indentation load which in this case is 1.5 N, and BD is the length of one of the indent diagonals (µm)..."
Cautions: Evaluated Data
Angle(c,diagonal) is the length between the direction of the preferred orientation of the c-axis and the direction of the diagonal of the indentation.
Digitized data were obtained from Figure 3 of the paper.
