NIST Structural Ceramics Database (SCD) Database

NIST Standard Reference Database 30

Last Update to Data Content: 2002

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18434/T4F30D


SCD Citation Number: Z00005

Bibliographic Information

Reference:
"Formation and Characteristics of Silicon Nitride-Lithium Aluminum Silicate Ceramics: Part II, Mechanical and Thermal Properties," D.J. Kim, P. Greil, and G. Petzow, Advanced Ceramic Materials, Vol. 2 [4], pp. 822-826 (1987), published by American Ceramic Society.
Language: English

General Materials Processing Notes

Silicon nitride ceramics with the grain-boundary phase β-eucryptite, LiAlSiO4, or β-spodumene, LiAlSi2O6, were produced by pressureless sintering α-Si3N4 (H.C.Stark, FRG, LC 10, 98.2% purity), SiO2 (Ventron, FRG, 88316, 99.9% purity), and LiAlO2 powder mixtures. Al2O3 (Alcoa A 16, 99.9% purity) was prereacted with Li2CO3 (Ventron, FRG, 44124, 99% purity) to form LiAlO2. Material #1 was sintered at 1800 °C giving β-solid solution/glass, β-LiAlSi2O6. Material #2 was sintered at 1700 °C giving α-solid solution/glass, β-LiAlSiO4. Material #3 was sintered at 1700 °C giving α-solid solution/glass, β-LiAlSiO4. Material #4 was sintered at 1500 °C giving α-solid-solution/glass, β-LiAlSiO4. For some specimens, devitrified annealing was conducted for up to two hours in flowing N2 at temperatures from 900 °C to 1300 °C.

Measurement Methods

Dilatometry
Samples were tested using "a dilatometer with a linear variable differential transformer (Theta Industries, Port Washington, NY) and a graphite heated furnace (FP 12, Astro Industries, Santa Barbara, CA). Temperature was measured with a B/C-thermocouple (BGT-2, Astro Industries). Bars 20 mm long were tested in an Ar atmosphere against an Al2O3 standard."
Ultrasonic pulse echo method
The authors cited ASTM E 494-75, Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Materials, and summarized their procedure as follows. The measurement was made by ultrasonic pulse-echo method using conventional equipment (USIP 11, Krautkramer, Federal Republic of Germany). Ground specimens 2.5 mm thick were used in air.
Four-point bend test
The measurements were made by four-point bend method. 7/20 mm roller spans, loading rate = 0.1 mm/min in air. At least 19 specimens were used for each material.
Indentation strength
The authors cited P. Chantikul et al., J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 64 [9] (1981) 539-543 and summarized the procedure as follows. Specimens were subjected to Vickers indentations at five loads (40 N to 400 N) and then tested in 3-point bending, span of rollers = 12 mm, loading rate = 0.1 mm/min. Samples were cut to 2.5 mm x 3.5 mm x 35 mm from bars 10 mm x 20 mm x 50 mm; edges were manually ground and tensile surfaces were polished with 1 µm diamond paste; then the specimens were indented with a Vickers diamond pyramid indenter (Zwick-1474) in air.

Index of Materials and Properties (Click on a selected Material Number to expand material properties menu)

Material Specification and Properties for Si3N4

Material number 1 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Chemical Class: Nitride
Chemical Family: Si-N
Formula: Si3N4
Informal Name: silicon nitride
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Process: Sintering

Si3N4

Material number 1 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Elemental Composition
Amount of
Element
( formula units )
Element
 
( no unit )
3 Si
4 N
Measurement Method: Reported Formula
Evaluation Status: Certified standard reference values

Si3N4

Material number 1 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Elastic Modulus
Devitrified
 
 
Elastic
Modulus
( GPa )
no 267±15
yes 268±15
Measurement Method: Ultrasonic pulse echo method
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 1 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Flexural Strength
Devitrified
 
 
Flexural
Strength
( MPa )
no 588 ± 48
yes 635 ± 51
Measurement Method: Four-point bend test
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 1 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Fracture Toughness
Devitrified
 
 
Fracture
Toughness
( MPa m1/2 )
no 4.19 ± 0.13
yes 5.61 ± 0.11
Measurement Method: Indentation strength
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 1 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Hardness
Devitrified
 
 
Hardness
 
( GPa )
No 14.25 ± 0.25
Yes 14.28 ± 0.25
Measurement Method: Unknown
Evaluation Status: Unevaluated
Cautions:
No method details were noted.

Si3N4

Material number 1 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Thermal Expansion
Temperature
Interval
( °C )
Measurement
Cycle
 
Devitrified
 
 
Thermal
Expansion
( 10-6 K-1 )
40-700 Heating no 3.36
40-1200 Cooling no 3.22
40-1200 Heating yes 3.22
40-1200 Cooling yes 3.16
Measurement Method: Dilatometry
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Material Specification and Properties for Si3N4

Material number 2 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Chemical Class: Nitride
Chemical Family: Si-N
Formula: Si3N4
Informal Name: silicon nitride
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Manufacturer: In-House
Process: Sintering

Si3N4

Material number 2 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Elemental Composition
Amount of
Element
( formula units )
Element
 
( no unit )
3 Si
4 N

Measurement Method: Reported Formula
Evaluation Status: Certified standard reference values

Si3N4

Material number 2 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Elastic Modulus
Devitrified
 
 
Elastic
Modulus
( GPa )
no 265±15
yes 266±15
Measurement Method: Ultrasonic pulse echo method
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 2 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Flexural Strength
Devitrified
 
 
Flexural
Strength
( MPa )
no 422 ± 45
yes 379 ± 32
Measurement Method: Four-point bend test
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 2 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Fracture Toughness
Devitrified
 
 
Fracture
Toughness
( MPa m1/2 )
no 4.20 ± 0.12
yes 3.80 ± 0.13

Measurement Method: Indentation strength
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 2 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Hardness
Devitrified
 
 
Hardness
 
( GPa )
No 14.25 ± 0.25
Yes 14.25 ± 0.25
Measurement Method: Unknown
Evaluation Status: Unevaluated

Si3N4

Material number 2 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Thermal Expansion
Temperature
Interval
( °C )
Measurement
Cycle
 
Devitrified
 
 
Thermal
Expansion
( 10-6 K-1 )
40-700 Heating no 3.49
40-1200 Cooling no 2.72
40-1200 Heating yes 3.15
40-1200 Cooling yes 3.00
Measurement Method: Dilatometry
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Material Specification and Properties for Si3N4

Material number 3 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Chemical Class: Nitride
Chemical Family: Si-N
Formula: Si3N4
Informal Name: silicon nitride
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Manufacturer: In-House
Process: Sintering

Si3N4

Material number 3 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Elemental Composition
Amount of
Element
( formula units )
Element
 
( no unit )
3 Si
4 N
Measurement Method: Reported Formula
Evaluation Status: Certified standard reference values

Si3N4

Material number 3 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Elastic Modulus
Devitrified
 
 
Elastic
Modulus
( GPa )
no 252±15
yes 261±15
Measurement Method: Ultrasonic pulse echo method
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 3 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Flexural Strength
Devitrified
 
 
Flexural
Strength
( MPa )
no 404 ± 25
yes 365 ± 36
Measurement Method: Four-point bend test
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 3 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Fracture Toughness
Devitrified
 
 
Fracture
Toughness
( MPa m1/2 )
no 4.08 ± 0.15
yes 3.41 ± 0.10

Measurement Method: Indentation strength
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 3 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Hardness
Devitrified
 
 
Hardness
 
( GPa )
No 14.20 ± 0.25
Yes 14.18 ± 0.25

Measurement Method: Unknown
Evaluation Status: Unevaluated

Si3N4

Material number 3 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Thermal Expansion
Temperature
Interval
( °C )
Measurement
Cycle
 
Devitrified
 
 
Thermal
Expansion
( 10-6 K-1 )
40-700 Heating no 3.58
40-1200 Cooling no 2.94
40-1200 Heating yes 3.06
40-1200 Cooling yes 2.55
Measurement Method: Dilatometry
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Material Specification and Properties for Si3N4

Material number 4 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Chemical Class: Nitride
Chemical Family: Si-N
Formula: Si3N4
Informal Name: silicon nitride
Structure Type: Polycrystalline
Manufacturer: In-House
Process: Sintering

Si3N4

Material number 4 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Elemental Composition
Amount of
Element
( formula units )
Element
 
( no unit )
3 Si
4 N

Measurement Method: Reported Formula
Evaluation Status: Certified standard reference values

Si3N4

Material number 4 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Elastic Modulus
Devitrified
 
 
Elastic
Modulus
( GPa )
no 212±15
yes 220±15
Measurement Method: Ultrasonic pulse echo method
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 4 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Flexural Strength
Devitrified
 
 
Flexural
Strength
( MPa )
no 250 ± 18
yes 234 ± 20
Measurement Method: Four-point bend test
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 4 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Fracture Toughness
Devitrified
 
 
Fracture
Toughness
( MPa m1/2 )
no 3.55 ± 0.09
yes 3.14 ± 0.12
Measurement Method: Indentation strength
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria

Si3N4

Material number 4 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Hardness
Devitrified
 
 
Hardness
 
( GPa )
No 11.36 ± 0.25
Yes 11.36 ± 0.25

Measurement Method: Unknown
Evaluation Status: Unevaluated

Si3N4

Material number 4 of 4
in SCD Citation Number: Z00005
Thermal Expansion
Temperature
Interval
( °C )
Measurement
Cycle
 
Devitrified
 
 
Thermal
Expansion
( 10-6 K-1 )
40-70 Heating no 3.62
40-1200 Cooling no 2.39
40-1200 Heating yes 2.69
40-1200 Cooling no 1.59
Measurement Method: Dilatometry
Evaluation Status: Evaluated by acceptance criteria