IUPAC-NIST Solubility Database
NIST Standard Reference Database 106

Glass Ball as Bullet Solubility System: Toluene with Water
Components:
   (1) Water; H2O; [7732-18-5]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (2) Toluene; C7H8; [108-88-3]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
Original Measurements:
   Banerjee, S.; Yalkowsky, S.H.; Valvani, S.C., Environ. Sci. Technol. 1980, 14, 1227-9.

 Variables:
   Temperature = 25 °C

 Prepared By:
   G.T. Hefter

 Experimental Remarks:
   The solubility of toluene in water was reported to be 1.68 x 10-2 mol/L sln. Assuming a solution density of 1.00 kg/L the corresponding mass per cent and mole fraction (x1) solubilities, calculated by the compiler, are 0.155 g (1)/100 g sln and 3.04 x 10-4 respectively.

 Experimental Data:   (Notes on the Nomenclature)
   Method/Apparatus/Procedure:
   Experiments were performed in sealed stainless steel centrifuge tubes. An excess of 14C labelled toulene was added to a tube contained distilled water, and the tube was sealed and allowed to equilibrate at 25 ± 0.2 °C with constant or intermittent shaking. Equilibration was generally complete within 1 week. The mixture was then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 60 min in a head preequilibrated 25 ± 0.3 °C, following which aliquots of the solution were removed for analysis by liquid scintillation counting. The entire procedure was carried out at least twice, and each analysis was also conducted in duplicate.

 Source and Purity of Materials:
   (1) 14C-labelled toluene: New England Nuclear, used without further purification.
   (2) Distilled.

 Estimated Errors:
   Solubility: ± 2.3% rel. (representing one std. dev.)
   Temperature: ± 0.2 K