IUPAC-NIST Solubility Database
NIST Standard Reference Database 106

Glass Ball as Bullet Solubility System: Biphenyl with Deuterium oxide (Heavy water)
Components:
   (1) Biphenyl; C12H10; [92-52-4]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (2) Deuterium oxide (Heavy water); D2O; [7789-20-0]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
Original Measurements:
   Ben-Naim, A.; Wilf, J.; Yaacobi, M., J. Phys. Chem. 1973, 77, 95-102.

 Variables:
   Temperature = 10 °C - 50 °C

 Prepared By:
   G.T. Hefter

 Experimental Remarks:
   The solubility of biphenyl in heavy water is expressed in terms of the standard free energy of solution, Δμso, determined as:

Δμso = lim (ps→ o) [-RT ℓn(psℓ/psg)eq]

where (psℓ/psg)eq is the Ostwald absorption coefficient and psℓ and psg are respectively the molar concentrations of the solute s in the liquid and the gas phase at equilibrium.

For the temperature range studied, Δμso was fitted to a second degree polynomial of the form:

Δμso = -12827.6 + 39.059 t - 0.01945 t2

where t is in °C (10 < t < 50°C) and Δμso is in cal/mol (1 cal = 4.184 J).

Values of the Ostwald absorption coefficient are also reported.

Experimental Data:   (Notes on the Nomenclature)
   Method/Apparatus/Procedure:
   Solubilities were determined spectroscopically. Saturated solutions were prepared in two ways: (a) direct mixing of benzene and water for ca. 48 h, (b) dissolution of benzene through the vapor phase. Absorbances of the solutions and their vapors were measured directly at λmax with a Model 450 Perkin-Elmer spectrophotometer with a thermostatted cell holder. Establishment of equilibrium was checked by use of a special three compartment cell, details of which are given in the paper.

 Source and Purity of Materials:
   (1) Fluka; puriss, 99.94%, used as received.
   (2) Fluka, 99.75%, used as received.

 Estimated Errors:
   Solubility: std. dev. In Δµ°s, 270.15 cal/mol.
   Temperature: ± 0.05°C