IUPAC-NIST Solubility Database
NIST Standard Reference Database 106

Glass Ball as Bullet Solubility System: Biphenyl with Artificial seawater
Components:
   (1) Biphenyl; C12H10; [92-52-4]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (2) Artificial seawater (ref 1); ; []  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
Original Measurements:
   Eganhouse, R.P.; Calder, J.A., Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1976, 40, 555-61.

 Variables:
   Temperature = 25.0 °C   
pH = Salinity: 35 g/kg sln
   Concentration = Salinity: 35 g/kg sln

 Prepared By:
   M. Kleinschmidt and W. Shiu

 Experimental Remarks:
   The solubility of biphenyl in seawater is reported to be 4.76 mg/kg. The corresponding mass percent and mole fraction, x1, calculated by the compilers are 4.76 × 10–4 g(1)/100 g sln and 5.70 × 10–7.

Graphical results for other salinities are also reported.

Experimental Data:   (Notes on the Nomenclature)
   Method/Apparatus/Procedure:
   Equilibrium flask: 1-dm3 Erlenmeyer flask with ground glass stopper and sidearm tap at base plugged and glass wool. The mixtures were agitated 12+ hr at 215 rpm on a New Brunswick gyrotary shaker; a 24 hr stationary equilibrium period followed. Hydrocarbons were extracted with doubly-distilled hexane 3 times; concentrated by evaporation, with losses checked against an internal standard.
Analysis: gas chromatography

 Source and Purity of Materials:
   (1) analytical grade salts for artificial seawater solution reagent grade.
water: doubly distilled

 Estimated Errors:
   Solubility: ± 0.293 (95% confidence interval).
   Temperature: ± 0.5°C

 References:
   1Lyman, J.; Fleming, R.H.; J. Mar. Res. 1940, 3, 135.