IUPAC-NIST Solubility Database
NIST Standard Reference Database 106

Glass Ball as Bullet Solubility System: Phenanthrene with Sodium chloride and Water
Components:
   (1) Water; H2O; [7732-18-5]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (2) Phenanthrene; C14H10; [85-01-8]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (3) Sodium chloride; NaCl; [7647-14-5]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
Original Measurements:
   Schwarz, F.P., J. Chem. Eng. Data. 1977, 22, 273-7.

 Variables:
   Temperature = 11.1 °C - 31.8 °C   
pH = Salinity: 30 g(2)/kg sln
   Concentration = Salinity: 30 g(2)/kg sln

 Prepared By:
   W.Y. Shiu, D. Mackay

 Experimental Remarks:
   The corresponding mass percent and mole fraction, x1, at 25.0°C calculated by the compilers are 9.94 × 10–5 g(1)/100 g sln and 1.034 × 10-7.

 Experimental Data:   (Notes on the Nomenclature)
  
Solubility of phenanthrene in 0.5 mol(2)/L
t/°C106 * n1/V2 [mol/L]
11.12.88
14.03.2
17.54.07
20.24.51
23.25.75
25.05.72
29.37.2
31.87.9
 Method/Apparatus/Procedure:
   The solubility of phenanthrene was determined by fluorescence and UV absorption measurements. For fluorescence method, an excess amount of phenanthrene was added to an air-tight 1X1 cm quartz fluorescence cell containing 5 mL of salt solution. The cell was rotated at 20 rpm for at least 72 hr in a thermostated water bath and then its fluorescent intensity was measured at 365 and 320 nm. The Spectrofluorimeter employed a ratio-photon counting mode where phenanthrene concentration was linearly related to the fluorescence signal. The UV method was used to obtain the absorptivity of phenanthrene in ethanol solution and therefore provide an absolute solubility scale for the fluorescence method.

 Source and Purity of Materials:
    Phenanthrene: purity 99.9%. Sodium chloride: reagent grade. Water: distilled over a KMnO4 - NaOH solution and passed through a Sephadex column. Ethanol: reagent grade.

 Estimated Errors:
   Solubility: ± 8.4% (author)
   Temperature: ± 0.1 °C (author)