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IUPAC-NIST Solubility Database
NIST Standard Reference Database 106
Solubility System:
Pentachloroethane with Water.
Components:
(1) Water; H2O; [7732-18-5]
NIST Chemistry WebBook
for detail
(2) Pentachloroethane; C2HCl5; [76-01-7]
NIST Chemistry WebBook
for detail
Evaluator:
A. L. Horvath, Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, Runcorn, U.K. April 1993.
Critical Evaluation:
The pentachloroethane (1) and water (2) binary system is treated in two parts; Part 1 is pentachloroethane (1) in water (2) and Part 2 is water (2) in pentachloroethane (1).
Part 1.
The solubility of pentachloroethane (1) in water (2) has been studied by seven work groups. All the experimental data were reported at only 293.15 and 298.15 K. The datum of Wright and Schaffer
1
at 298.15 K is lower than other results and is rejected. The datum of Veith
et al.
2
at 293.15 K is also significantly higher than other results and is therefore rejected.
The remaining data of van Arkel and Vles,
3
McGovern,
4
O'Connell,
5
Walraevens
et al
.,
6
and Hutchinson
et al
.
7
at 293.15 and 298.15 K are in reasonable agreement. Walraevens
et al
.
6
expressed the solubility between 283 and 353 K in an empirical equation; this work is summarized in the Compilation Sheet. The tentative solubility values in weight percent and mole fraction are given in Table 1.
Regardless the above tentative values, further studies are required to establish more accurate values and to extend the temperature range of the solubility data.
Part 2.
The solubility of water (2) in pentachloroethane (1) between 273 and 303 K has been measured by five groups of researchers with reasonable agreement. The datum of O'Connell
5
is markedly higher than other results and is therefore rejected.
The solubility measurements at 298.15 K have been studied by four workers
4,8,9,10
with good agreement. The temperature dependence of the solubility of water in pentachloroethane between 273 and 303 K was studied only by Staverman.
8
Consequently, Table 2 summarizes the tentative solubility of water in pentachloroethane at 5 K intervals. (Because it is not possible to say which of the four data are more accurate, it is suggested that the arithmetic mean of the four reported measurements is probably the most accurate at 298.15 K.)
Experimental Data:
(Notes on the Nomenclature)
Table 1. Tentative Solubility of Pentachloroethane (1) in Water (2)
t/°C
T/K
10
2
* Mass Fraction w
1
10
5
* Mole Fraction x
1
20
293.15
0.047
4.18
25
298.15
0.049
4.37
Table 2. Tentative Solubility of Water (2) in Pentachloroethane (1)
t/°C
T/K
10
2
* Mass Fraction w
2
10
3
* Mole Fraction x
2
0
273.15
0.0162
1.82
5
278.15
0.0189
2.12
10
283.15
0.0221
2.48
15
288.15
0.0257
2.88
20
293.15
0.0300
3.36
25
298.15
0.0347
3.91
30
303.15
0.0414
4.65
References: (Click a link to see its experimental data associated with the reference)
1
Wright, W.H.; Schaffer, J.M., Am. J. Hygiene 16, 325 (1932).
2
Veith, G.D.; Macek, K.J.; Petrucelli, S.R.; Carroll, J., Proc. 3rd Ann. Symp. on Aquatic Toxicology, ASTM Publ. 707, Philadelphia, 1980, p. 116-29.
3
van Arkel, A.E.; Vles, S.E., Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 1936, 55, 407-11.
4
McGovern, E.W., Ind. Eng. Chem. 1943, 35, 1230-9.
5
O'Connell, W.L., Trans. Am. Inst. Mech. Eng. 1963, 226, 126-32.
6
Walraevens, R.; Trouillet, P.; Devos, A., Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 6, 777-86 (1974)
7
Hutchinson, T.C.; Hellebust, J.A.; Tam, D., et al. Hydrocarbons and Halogenated Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment, Plenum Press, New York, 1980, p. 577-86.
8
Staverman, A.J., Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 1941, 60, 836-41.
9
Ohtsuka, K.; Kazama, K., Sen't Seihin Shohi Kagaku Kaishi 22, 197-201 (1982).
10
Hutchinson, C.A.; Lyon, A.M., Columbia University Report A-745, July 1, 1943.