IUPAC-NIST Solubility Database
NIST Standard Reference Database 106

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 Solubility System: 1-Proponal with Benzene and Water

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Components:
   (1) Water; H2O; [7732-18-5]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (2) 1-Proponal (n-propanol, propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol); C3H8O; [71-23-8]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (3) Benzene; C6H6; [71-43-2]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail

Original Measurements:
   Denzler, C.G., J. Phys. Chem. 49, 358 (1945).

Variables:
   Temperature = 293 K

Prepared By:
   A. Skrzecz

Experimental Data:   (Notes on the Nomenclature)
  

Compositions along the saturation curve

t/°C	T/K	Mass Fraction w1	Mass Fraction w2	Mole Fraction x1 (compiler)	Mole Fraction x2 (compiler)
20.0	293.2	0.193	0.0035	0.0671	0.0009
20.0	293.2	0.289	0.016	0.1103	0.0047
20.0	293.2	0.391	0.042	0.1689	0.0140
20.0	293.2	0.507	0.085	0.2622	0.0338
20.0	293.2	0.563	0.122	0.3297	0.0550
20.0	293.2	0.577	0.151	0.3605	0.0726
20.0	293.2	0.590	0.185	0.3979	0.0960
20.0	293.2	0.586	0.253	0.4447	0.1477
20.0	293.2	0.578	0.274	0.4507	0.1644
20.0	293.2	0.565	0.303	0.4562	0.1882
20.0	293.2	0.461	0.456	0.4234	0.3222
20.0	293.2	0.451	0.473	0.4221	0.3406
20.0	293.2	0.421	0.510	0.4034	0.3760
20.0	293.2	0.349	0.605	0.3606	0.4809
20.0	293.2	0.298	0.666	0.3203	0.5507
20.0	293.2	0.222	0.756	0.2531	0.6632
20.0	293.2	0.158	0.830	0.1889	0.7633

Compositions of coexisting phases

t/°C	T/K	Mass Fraction w1	Mass Fraction w2	Mole Fraction x1 (compiler)	Mole Fraction x2 (compiler)	Comment(s)
20.0	293.2	0.398	0.042	0.1732	0.0141	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.550	0.110	0.3109	0.0478	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.578	0.156	0.3646	0.0757	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.586	0.190	0.3961	0.0988	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.586	0.216	0.4148	0.1176	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.582	0.250	0.4360	0.1441	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.573	0.279	0.4472	0.1675	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.545	0.340	0.4579	0.2198	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.501	0.408	0.4479	0.2806	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.463	0.472	0.4439	0.3482	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.463	0.500	0.4216	0.3720	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.398	0.548	0.3981	0.4217	hydrocarbon-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.398	0.042 (b)	0.1732	0.0141	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.281	0.019 (a)	0.1068	0.0056	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.253	0.017	0.0937	0.0048	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.236	0.014	0.0859	0.0039	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.212	0.012 (a)	0.0754	0.0033	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.200	0.011 (a)	0.0704	0.0030	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.192	0.010	0.0671	0.0027	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.183	0.009 (a)	0.0634	0.0024	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.181	0.008	0.0626	0.0021	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.172	0.007	0.0590	0.0018	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.167	0.006 (a)	0.0570	0.0016	water-rich phase
20.0	293.2	0.163	0.004	0.0554	0.0010	water-rich phase

Notes:
   ^a  interpolation
   ^b  extrapolation

Method/Apparatus/Procedure:
   The titration method was used to determine the binodal curve. Binary mixtures of known mass and compositions, by weight, were placed in a thermostat and were titrated with the third component, added from a burette, until the second liquid phase was observed. The mass of the titrant was determined gravimetrically. Refractive indexes were measured at 25°C, to be sure that samples are clear, and plotted for each component of the system.  To determine tie-line, the two phase mixtures of known total compositions were placed into a thermostat bath and when equilibrium was reached, the refractive index of the top layer was measured. The composition were read from prepared previously plots. The composition of the other phase in equilibrium was calculated from the mass balance. From several tie lines determined experimentally, Bachman charts were constructed and more lines were added by interpolation (a). The plait point was determined by extrapolation of the lines on Bachman chart to intersect with the equilibrium curve (b).

Source and Purity of Materials:
   (1) Source not specified, chemically pure grade; dried over CaCI₂, distilled three times; n(20°C)=1.3860.
   (2) Source not specified, chemically pure grade; used as received; n(20°C)=1.5010.
   (3) Source not specified; n(20°C)=1.3330.

Estimated Errors:
   Solubility: Not reported.
   Temperature: Temp. ±0.1°C.

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Last updated: February 18, 2015 (Created: August 17, 2007)