IUPAC-NIST Solubility Database
NIST Standard Reference Database 106


Glass Ball as Bullet Solubility System: 1-Pentanol with Heptane and Water

Components:
   (1) Water; H2O; [7732-18-5]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (2) 1-Pentanol (pentyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, n-amyl alcohol); C5H12O; [71-41-0]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (3) Heptane (n-heptane); C7H16; [142-82-5]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail

Original Measurements:
   Letcher, T.M.; Wootton, S.; Shuttleworth, B.; Heyward, C., J. Chem. Thermodyn 18, 1037 (1986).

Variables:
   Temperature = 298 K

Prepared By:
   A. Skrzecz

Experimental Data:   (Notes on the Nomenclature)
  
Compositions along the saturation curve
t/°CT/KMass Fraction w1 (compiler) Mass Fraction w2 (compiler)Mole Fraction x1Mole Fraction x2
25298.20.9190.0000.6990.000
25298.20.8610.0790.7030.057
25298.20.7910.1680.6940.130
25298.20.6910.2800.6400.228
25298.20.6000.3800.5810.324
25298.20.4860.5030.4950.450
25298.20.2970.6980.3180.656
25298.20.0990.9000.1100.884
25298.20.0190.0000.0040.000
Compositions of coexisting phases
t/°CT/KMass Fraction w1 (compiler) Mass Fraction w2 (compiler)Mole Fraction x1Mole Fraction x2Comment(s)
25298.20.6910.2800.6400.228organic-rich phase
25298.20.3510.6420.3700.595organic-rich phase
25298.20.0990.9000.1110.884organic-rich phase
25298.20.0190.0000.0040.000water-rich phase
25298.20.0150.0000.0030.000water-rich phase
25298.20.0100.0000.0020.000water-rich phase
Method/Apparatus/Procedure:
   The titration method, adapted from Ref. 1, was used to determine the coexistence curve. The third component was added from a weighted gas-tight syringe to a weighted mixture of the other two components in 100 cm3 long-neck flask until one drop (weighing less then 0.01 g) results cloudiness. The flask was immersed in a well controlled water bath and shaken continuously. Refractive indexes of these  mixtures were measured at temperature of 298.3 K to ensure that separation did not take place. The tie lines were determined from mixtures of known composition in the immiscible region. The flasks were well shaken and the phases allowed to separate. The refractive indexes of samples of both phases were measured and related to compositions on the coexistence curve.  Each tie line was checked to ensure that it passes through the composition of the overall mixture.

Source and Purity of Materials:
   (1) Analytical Carlo Erba, 99 mole %; dried with anhydrous potassium carbonate, distilled.
   (2) Analytical Carbo Erba, purity 99.5 mole %; purified by passing through columns containing silica gel and basic alumina.
   (3) De-ionized.

Estimated Errors:
   Solubility: Not reported.
   Temperature: Composition ±0.0005 mole fraction for measured points, ±0.01 mole fraction for tie-lines extremities in the worst case (authors).

References:
   1 S. W. Briggs and E. W. Comings, Ind. Eng. Chem. 35, 411 (1943).