IUPAC-NIST Solubility Database
NIST Standard Reference Database 106


Glass Ball as Bullet Solubility System: Neodymium formate with Samarium formate, Europium formate and Water

Components:
   (1) Europium formate; Eu(CHO2)3; [3252-55-9]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (2) Neodymium formate; Nd(CHO2)3; [3252-53-7]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (3) Samarium formate; Sm(CHO2)3; [3252-54-8]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (4) Water; H2O; [7732-18-5]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail

Original Measurements:
   Plyushchev, V.E.; Shklover, P.P.; Shkolnikova, L.M.; Kuznetsova, C.P.; Nadezhdina, G.V., Dokl. Acad. Nauk SSSR 160, 366-9 (1965).

Variables:
   Temperature = 25 ºC to 50 ºC

Prepared By:
   Chr. Balarew and St. Trendafilova

Experimental Remarks:

   Authors' Comment: The solubility is expressed as % oxide because at 50 °C, hydrolysis possibly occurs. Analysis of crystal phases dried at room temperature shows a composition Me(CHO2)3·nH2O where n = 0-0.5 for the formates from La to Ho. However the presence of water could not be confirmed by IR spectroscopy. For Eu and Gd, n = 0.

Experimental Data:   (Notes on the Nomenclature)
(Please see footnotes following the table(s).)
  
Part 1. Solubility polytherm of the Nd(CHO2)3-H2O system.
t/°CChemical1PhaseMass Fraction w1m1 [mol kg-1]aChemical2Mass Fraction w2am2 [mol kg-1]aSolid Phase(s)b
25Nd2O3Liquid phase0.240.007Nd(CHO2)30.400.014A
40Nd2O3Liquid phase0.260.008Nd(CHO2)30.430.015A
50Nd2O3Liquid phase0.260.008Nd(CHO2)30.430.015A
Part 2. Solubility polytherm of the Sm(CHO2)3-H2O system.
t/°CChemical1PhaseMass Fraction w1m1 [mol kg-1]aChemical2Mass Fraction w2am2 [mol kg-1]aSolid Phase(s)b
25Sm2O3Liquid phase0.470.014Sm(CHO2)30.770.027B
40Sm2O3Liquid phase0.490.014Sm(CHO2)30.800.028B
50Sm2O3Liquid phase0.480.014Sm(CHO2)30.790.028B
Part 3. Solubility polytherm of the Eu(CHO2)3-H2O system.
t/°CChemical1PhaseMass Fraction w1m1 [mol kg-1]aChemical2Mass Fraction w2am2 [mol kg-1]aSolid Phase(s)b
25Eu2O3Liquid phase0.250.007Eu(CHO2)30.4070.014C
40Eu2O3Liquid phase0.640.018Eu(CHO2)31.0420.037C
50Eu2O3Liquid phase0.290.008Eu(CHO2)30.4720.017C
Notes:
   a  These values were calculated by the compilers.
   b  The solid phases are: A = Nd(CHO2)3 ; B = Sm(CHO2)3; C = Eu(CHO2)3.

Method/Apparatus/Procedure:
   The isothermal method was used. The mixtures were stirred for one week. Eu3+ was determined complexometrically.1 Nd3+ and Sm3+ were determined gravimetrically as Nd2O3 and Sm2O3, respectively. The solid phases were analyzed by DTA and IR spectroscopy.

Source and Purity of Materials:
   The formate salts were prepared by reacting the respective hydroxide with formic acid. The Nd2O3, Sm2O3 and Eu2O3 had 0.05-1.5 mass % impurities. The formic acid has nD20 = 1.3712.

Estimated Errors:

   Temperature: The temperature was controlled to within ±0.1 °C.

References:
   1L. I. Martinenko, Nauchn. Dokl. Vyssh. Shk. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. N4, 718 (1958).