IUPAC-NIST Solubilities Database

IUPAC-NIST Solubility Database
NIST Standard Reference Database 106

Solubility System: Nitromethane with 1-Decanol and Water

Components:
   (1) Nitromethane; CH3NO2 ; [75-52-5]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (2) 1-Decanol ; C10H22O; [112-30-1]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail
   (3) Water; H2O; [7732-18-5]  NIST Chemistry WebBook for detail

Evaluator:
   V. P. Sazonov, Technical University, Samara, Russia, March, 2000

Critical Evaluation:

        A survey of solubility and equilibrium of coexisting liquid phases for the system nitromethane + 1-decanol + water is given in Table 1.

Solubility data
     The system nitromethane + 1-decanol + water includes a three-phase region. All three binary pairs of components, nitromethane + 1-decanol, nitromethane + water and 1-decanol + water, are partially miscible. The data for first two systems were compiled and critically evaluated in Sazonov et al.³ The 1-decanol + water system been critically evaluated in Barton.⁴ The recommended values of UCST (upper critical solution temperature) of binary the systems are also reported in Zhuravleva et al.¹ and Sazonov and Gromakovskaya² and presented in Table 2. The solubility temperatures of liquid phases were determined by the synthetic method in ternary mixtures with constant mass relationship of (1) and (2), (Zhuravleva et al.¹ and Sazonov and Gromakovskaya²) and also in ternary mixtures with a constant mass content of water, Sazonov and Gromakovskaya.² Experimental errors were not reported, but are estimated by the evaluator to be ± 0.1 K (temperature) and ± 0.002 mass fractions (solubility). Depending on temperature the system nitromethane + 1-decanol + water forms a miscibility gaps of Type I to III, Treybal.⁵ In the temperature range 273 K to 332.9 K, where three binary systems are partially miscible, the solubility curves correspond to Type III (Treybal⁵). A three-phase region occurs below 325.2 K (Sazonov and Gromakovskaya²). Maximal temperature of the three-phase liquid equilibrium was reported to be as 324.7 K (Zhuravleva et al.¹) and 325.2 K (Sazonov and Gromakovskaya²). Thus, the recommended value is: T_c = (325.0 ± 0.3 K). Two separate regions of immiscibility exist above 325 K, one of these can be described by band type curves. In the temperature range 332.9 K to377.7 K (Zhuravleva et al.¹ and Sazonov and Gromakovskaya²), where the two binary systems nitromethane + water and 1-decanol + water are partially miscible, the solubility curves correspond to Type II (Treybal⁵). Above 377.7 K this ternary system has only one partially miscible region. Solubility data at 333 K (Zhuravleva et al.¹ and Sazonov and Gromakovskaya²) in common (organic-rich branch only) are described by the algebraic equation:
x₁ = [0.8349–1.2353·x₂]/[1+0.3869·x₂–2.8109·(x₂)2+9.0113·(x₂)3–12.0365·(x₂)⁴].
    This smoothing equation gives a smaller standard deviation than any other tested equation. The equation parameters were calculated by the least squares method.
     The solubilities calculated by the proposed equation are presented in Fig. 19 and in Table 3. Experimental solubility data, Zhuravleva et al.¹ and Sazonov and Gromakovskaya,² are presented in Fig. 19 for comparison.

Liquid-liquid equilibrium data
     Compositions of coexisting two and three liquid phase regions of the ternary system nitromethane + 1-decanol + water determined at 323.7 K and presented in graphical form (Zhuravleva et al.1). Composition of each phase was calculated from the index of refraction-composition curve of saturated mixtures prepared at the time of the saturation curve measurements. Experimental errors were not reported, but are estimated by the evaluator to be ± 0.005 mass fractions (composition).
     All experimental data are considered tentative.

Experimental Data: (Notes on the Nomenclature)

Table 1. Summary of experimental data for the system nitromethane + 1-decanol + water
Author	T/K	DataType	Reference
Zhuravleva et al.	292 to 375	Solubility liquid phases (92)	1
Zhuravleva et al.	324	Equilibrium (12)	1
Sazonov and Gromakovskaya	286 to 325	Solubility three liquid phases (54)	2
Sazonov and Gromakovskaya	314 to 343	Solubility two liquid phases (47)	2

Table 2. UCST (T/K) binary systems
Chemical Name	T/K	Reference
Nitromethane + 1-decanol	330.7	Ref. 1
Nitromethane + water	377.7	Ref. 1
Nitromethane + 1-decanol	332.90	Ref. 2
Nitromethane + water	-	Ref. 2
Nitromethane + 1-decanol	332.5 (tentative)	Recommended (Ref. 3)
Nitromethane + water	376.3 ± 0.2	Recommended (Ref. 3)

Table 3. Calculated solubilities for the ternary system nitromethane + 1-decanol + water at 333.2 K
Mass Fraction w₁	Mass Fraction w₂	Mass Fraction w₃	Mole Fraction x₁	Mole Fraction x₂	Mole Fraction x₃
0.000	0.949	0.051	0.000	0.670	0.330
0.014	0.938	0.048	0.026	0.670	0.304
0.044	0.913	0.043	0.082	0.650	0.268
0.086	0.873	0.041	0.154	0.600	0.246
0.120	0.838	0.042	0.204	0.550	0.246
0.155	0.800	0.045	0.251	0.500	0.249
0.194	0.758	0.048	0.299	0.450	0.251
0.240	0.710	0.050	0.350	0.400	0.250
0.292	0.656	0.052	0.404	0.350	0.246
0.351	0.594	0.055	0.460	0.300	0.240
0.420	0.525	0.055	0.518	0.250	0.232
0.497	0.446	0.057	0.578	0.200	0.222
0.585	0.357	0.058	0.637	0.150	0.213
0.687	0.255	0.058	0.699	0.100	0.201
0.805	0.137	0.058	0.763	0.050	0.187
0.944	0.000	0.056	0.830	0.000	0.170

View Figure 19 for this Evaluation

Notes:
Table 1^a  number of experimental points in parentheses.

References: (Click a link to see its experimental data associated with the reference)

   1  Zhuravleva, I. K.; Zhuravlev, E. F. and Lomakina, N. G.; Zh. Fiz. Khim. 51, 1700 (1977).
   2  Sazonov, V. P. and Gromakovskaya, A. G.; Zh. Obshch. Khim. 47, 2168 (1977).
   3  Sazonov, V. P.; Marsh, K. N.; and Hefter, G. T.; Nitromethane with Water or Organic Solvents: Binary Systems, IUPAC-NIST Solubility Data Series. Vol. 71, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 29 (2000).
   4  Barton, A. F. M.; Alcohols with Water, IUPAC Solubility Data Series. Vol. 15. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1984.
   5  Treybal, R. E.; Liquid Extraction, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1963.